Analysis and prospects were made with prospects.
The design of the Blishing Taiyuan City Street Light Monitoring and Management System is based on the market research and the reference to the current experience at home and abroad. Taiyuan City street lighting system made the specific situation. After the system is in operation, the road lighting control and management level in Taiyuan City will be greatly improved.
1 system design description sub-station hardware It includes power supply, computer motherboard, voltage detection board, human-computer interaction interface, street lamp controller, electrical main circuit and communication radio.
Motherboard. The computer motherboard consists of a microcontroller minimization system, an analog input channel, a digital input channel, an output channel, an on-board hardware clock, and serial communication. The MCU minimization system is mainly composed of a crystal oscillator circuit, a reset circuit and an AT90S8515 single chip microcomputer. The reset circuit includes manual reset and automatic reset of the watchdog to ensure that the microcontroller can be reset in case of a crash. The analog input channel of the computer motherboard is mainly composed of the following parts: one is multiplex conversion, the other is RMS circuit, the third is operational amplifier, and the fourth is frequency-frequency conversion. The main problem to be solved in the input channel of the node station computer motherboard is to collect, convert and amplify the voltage and current signals in the street lamp cabinet, and input them to the MCU after analog-to-digital conversion.
The digital input channel includes power detection, smoke detection, temperature detection, door opening detection, and contactor state quantity detection. The output channel is mainly composed of the following parts: an output line with a single-chip microcomputer and an 8-way driver for subsequent driving, and a triode driven by 8 relays. The driver acts as an inverting drive and the triode acts as a drive tube for the relay to pull in. The hardware clock in the board still guarantees the clock running when the main computer board loses power, so that the main computer board can get the correct time information once it is powered on.
The serial communication interface is mainly composed of a modem, an interface control logic circuit and a signal filtering amplifier circuit. The working principle of the serial communication interface is: the single-chip microcomputer always makes the modulation and demodulation in the receiving state; receives the signal from the radio, and the demodulated digital signal is sent to the serial port input terminal RXD of the single-chip microcomputer; when transmitting, the single-chip microcomputer shilling modulation The demodulation RS terminal is low, allowing it to transmit data; at this time, the microcontroller transmits serial data to the radio.
When the input voltage of the phase line is 220V, the center point of the adjustable resistor corresponds to 0.5V (ie, the signal voltage output is 4. If the input voltage of a phase line is not exactly equal to 220V, the value of the signal voltage can be calculated according to the ratio. For example, if input When the voltage of a phase is 235V, the ratio of 220V:0.5V=235V:X, and the value of X is 0.53V, which is the signal voltage that should be output when the input phase voltage is 235V. Adjust the adjustable resistor so that the output signal voltage is equal to 0.53. V can be.
Human-computer interaction interface. Generally speaking, when a worker arrives at a lighting station node station, there are two ways to communicate between the person and the computer motherboard of the street light cabinet. First, various information in the computer motherboard can be displayed, including the time of each travel time and the stack number as the node communication address. Second, the staff information can be reversely input to the computer board, such as entering a new travel time reference, entering a new set of switch light times and immediately turning the lights on and off. In the above two methods, the first method is to use a remote controller to form a small three-way system that simulates the function of adding control treasures. On the one hand, it has the human-computer interaction function mentioned above, on the other hand, it can also be tried out. The wireless communication status of the node station, such as whether the communication is malfunctioning. The second method is to use the buttons on the computer board and the eight-digit digital tube. When human-computer interaction is required, the above-mentioned human-computer interaction function can be realized by appropriately pressing two small buttons on the panel. In this way, the voltage value of each phase and the current value of each branch can be read, and the switching lamp time, the current travel time, the voltage regulation setting value and the stack number can be read. Conversely, the digital display board can also input information to the computer motherboard like a remote control, such as sending a new set of switch lights, current travel time, and new voltage set values.
Street light controller. As a node-aided monitoring device, the man-machine interactive input and controllable output are designed, and the latest clock chip is used internally to make the internal clock run reliably. The software inputs the seasonal change sky table provided by the Observatory. Based on the local latitude value, the switch light time of the day is automatically calculated to enable the lamp to be turned on and off accurately.
Electrical main circuit. It includes a knife-shaped fuse switch of the main circuit, a lightning arrester, a fuse, an AC contactor, and the like. The main function of the electrical part is to control the on and off of the corresponding electrical and final control contactors to perform the operation of turning on and off the lights, and to detect the working state of the strong electric part and the pull-in state of the contactor. Substation radio station. It is mainly used to complete communication tasks. The control digital signal sent by the computer in the central control room is modulated by the modem into an analog signal and sent to the modulation end of the radio, and then the audio signal is modulated onto the radio frequency, transmitted to the omnidirectional antenna via the radio frequency cable, and radiated to each substation, the substation directional antenna After receiving the radio frequency signal, the radio frequency cable is sent to the receiving end of the radio station, and the receiving end demodulates the audio signal in the radio frequency signal and sends it to the modem of the main board to convert the analog signal into a digital signal, and decodes the signal according to the main station. Let the instructions perform control operations. The principle of data transmission from the substation to the primary station is the same as above.
Substation software node monitoring station program is mainly composed of four functional modules: main control program, man-machine dialogue program, timing sampling program and communication control program. The system hierarchy is as shown.
1) The main control program. The system starts immediately and enters the master program. Firstly, the initialization of each interface circuit in the MCU, check the node address, check the parameter storage area, check the contents of the f-storage area, and initialize the program. Start the digital transmission and report to the central control room. If everything is normal, transfer to the loop control program to check whether there is a button command or a central control room command and whether there is an interrupt service request, etc.) Human-machine dialogue program. For debugging and maintenance, the node monitoring station is set. Man-machine dialogue interface, through this interface, the buttons and digital tube on the panel can be used to check various parameters, and the control parameters such as the switch light time can be set, modified and read out by two buttons. The man-machine dialogue program is Software that serves the above functions.
Timed loop sampling control program. The node station monitoring machine cyclically collects the data of each analog channel according to a fixed time period, performs simple arithmetic processing, and stores it for the central control room to transmit and transmit. For the faults with strong real-time performance such as power failure, phase loss, short circuit, etc., the alarm message is directly sent out, and the central control room is notified in time. The monitoring machine compares the current time with the time of the street light switch lamp issued by the central control room or placed by the manual site at any time, and issues a corresponding switch light command.
Communication program. The communication program is used to implement data transmission between the node monitoring station and the central control room. Since the wireless communication effect is greatly affected by the environment, in order to ensure data reliability, a method of setting a password code and setting a check code at the end of the message is adopted in the communication message, so that the channel interference does not affect the normal control and detection.
The main station hardware main station hardware includes: 2 computers with 21-inch color display, 2 digital transmission boxes, 1 projector, 2 omnidirectional antennas and UPS power supply.
The main station software main station software includes street lamp monitoring software, vehicle satellite positioning geography monitoring software, GPS satellite timing software, and remote real-time query software.
1) Street lamp monitoring software. Street lamp monitoring software is based on Window environment, and is compatible with Windows9x, WINXP, Windows2000. Because Windows is a multi-tasking event-driven window operating system, it is operated with a mouse and the interface is beautiful and friendly, so the operation is simpler and more intuitive for the operator. The amount of information provided is greater. The application of multimedia technology makes data display, alarm and query more vivid and specific. The function of street lamp monitoring software: First, the remote control function. The control function of the street lamp monitoring software is mainly realized by sending the switch lamp time. The central control room computer can send the switch lamp time to the node according to the current sunshine degree, and the street lamp monitoring software issues the switch lamp time to make the street light normally. Another remote control function is that the central control room can control the pick-up and disconnection of any contactor at any node at any time, which is convenient for maintenance personnel. In addition, in order to ensure the accurate time of the switch lights, the central control room can perform calibration on the nodes to ensure that the nodes have accurate time reference and the time is accurate to the second level. When the nodes are unified, the street lights in the urban area will appear spectacular. The second is the telemetry function. The street lamp monitoring software can remotely and randomly measure the working status of the monitoring stations of each node in the city. The monitored data mainly includes current, voltage, and contactor status. By analyzing these data, useful data such as line status, lighting rate, and cause of failure can be obtained. The lighting, contactor suction and fault location are all in the form of animation, and the street graphics remain basically the same, which is convenient for the operator to locate the fault. The third is fault analysis. Each node can analyze its own fault condition and actively report to the central control room to ensure timely processing of the fault. By directly detecting or analyzing the detected data, the following types of faults can be provided: line leakage, line break, contactor damage, power failure or power side fuse blow, short circuit fault caused by air switch trip, over/under voltage. The fourth is data query. The contents of the inquiry include: historical data, previous data, local one-year switch light timetable calculated by latitude and longitude, lighting rate of a node on a certain day, lighting rate of a node in a certain month, and total lighting rate of the whole city, Street lamp model and all-night/mid-night light setting for each node. The fifth is system maintenance. Including alarm value setting, switch light time correction, node basic configuration maintenance, mailbox selection, full/midnight setting, line maintenance, standard data maintenance, and patrol cycle. Sixth is the street light geographic information function. Including map browsing, map query. Seven is the network function. Remote queries are possible. Eight is the print function. Nine is the fault alarm function.
Vehicle satellite positioning geo-monitoring software. The GEF receiver is installed on the B inspection vehicle at the street lamp. The central control room receives the latitude and longitude data returned by the GEF receiver, and uses the popular mapinfo technology to realize geolocation on the map to provide a basis for rational dispatching of the vehicle.
GPS satellite timing software. The GPS satellite timing receiving device in the central control room collects the clock data on the satellite every 1 s and transmits it to the monitoring host through the serial port. The GPS satellite calibration software compares the system clock with the satellite clock every 6 s. If it is inconsistent, the system clock is automatically corrected.
Remote real-time query software. In the central control room, the monitoring host has a WEB server program running simultaneously with the monitoring software, and shares the data in the monitoring software database. When the WEB server program receives an access request from other terminals in the network, it transmits an beautiful web page image through the ASP technology. And monitoring data to achieve remote query function.
2 Economic Benefits and Social Benefits Analysis Practices show that the urban street lamp monitoring and management system can effectively improve the working efficiency of urban street lamp monitoring personnel, and thoroughly improve the operation status of manual monitoring of street lamp switches and the timing of manual manual switch lights. The street lamp monitoring and management work has entered an intelligent era. Its simple, intuitive interface and 'fool-like' operation truly realizes the zero distance between human and machine, enabling any monitoring personnel to cross the threshold of computer learning and directly apply the software to serve you. Automatic data collection and The automatic monitoring and alarming of the system and the faults fully reflects the great changes brought about by the development trend of high-tech, intelligent and informationalization on the monitoring and management of street lamps. The computer automatically stores, queries and modifies the data of the report data. The status quo of report data archiving and search work of monitoring and management system greatly reduces the labor intensity and improves the working efficiency. It has the functions of today's advanced remote system telemetry, remote control, remote adjustment, and remote communication, and the random optimization of street lamps. Command control, automatic intelligent adjustment control, and standby control can monitor the operation of the streetlight system in the whole city at any time. In order to adapt to the environmental conditions of different cities, multi-level e-mail technology and anti-interference, anti-high temperature, anti-corrosion and so on are adopted. Measures that allow wireless signals to pass through intermediate obstacles unimpeded, At the same time, it can improve the reliability and stability of system operation and signal transmission.
In summary, the development and application of urban street lamp monitoring and management system enables the work of urban street lamp monitoring and management system to enter an efficient and fast intelligent era. At the same time, the GPS satellite positioning system and remote diagnosis and maintenance system of this system have The functions of electronic meter reading and automatic voltage regulation complement the domestic gap in this technology, and the economic and social benefits it generates are enormous.
First: Gao Yongsheng, male, born in November 1967, graduated from Taiyuan University of Technology in 1989, Taiyuan City Road Lighting Management Office, Taoyuan 4th Lane, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, 030002.
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