After the cotton fiber was mercerized, the internal structure has undergone major changes. The mercerized cotton fabrics are bright, silky, and brightly colored. They are very popular among people. However, during the production process, mercerized cotton yarns are prone to hard-feeling, colored flowers, and irregular shades. Here, the above issues are discussed in order to obtain an improved method.
1 processing materials and equipment 1.1 processing materials Fiber: 10 tex (100Nm) × 2 cotton combed Yarn.
Dyes: Taiwan's Everlight's HE series of dyes.
Auxiliaries: Strong base penetrant FM-3A, scouring agent Foryl LFD, bath softener Belsoft 2000, mixed hydrogen peroxide stabilizer Prestogen FD-1, hydrogen peroxide removing enzyme Bactost AP, levelling agent ZB, soaping agent Dekol SNS Fixing agent 401DX, silicone softener SNC, cationic smoothing agent CA.
1.2 Equipment Swiss SMC36×1 tube self-knotting singeing machine, domestic FA801 skeining machine, Swiss MF101 skein mercerizing machine, domestic Q411 hank dyeing machine, ordinary dewatering machine, domestic DC4 skein dryer, Domestic 1332MD hank winder.
2 craft
2.1 Singeing A gas singeing machine is used to pass a single yarn through the singeing method. The temperature is about 900°C and the speed is 600 m/min.
2.2 Shake the twisted yarn The twisted yarn twisting should pay attention to two points: First, determine the length of the reel; Second, the hank should be stored in the surrounding box, can not be confused
2.3 Mercerizing of skein yarn When selecting a mercerizing penetrating agent, it must be ensured that under the strong alkali (21.5 to 22.5) at 1 g/L, the inside of the yarn can be quickly and evenly penetrated within 5 to 7 s. FM-3A mercerizing penetrant is more suitable. '
2.3.1 Process Flow loading → alkali impregnation under tension (20 s) → alkali impregnation under no tension (30 s) → alkali impregnation under tension (4O s) → alkali impregnation under tension (15 s) → final tension Soak alkali (50 s)→Tension hot water wash 2 times → Cold water wash 2.3.2 Process parameters Alkali concentration 21.5～22.5; penetrant FM-3A 1 g/L, alkali temperature 2O°C.
2.3.3 Process requirements During the processing process, the stability of alkali concentration and the wetting performance of mercerized cotton yarn should be ensured to prevent skeins from being tangled. The skein after mercerization is immersed in the cart for each large twisted 4 stranded component and is prohibited from air drying with alkali.
2.4 Using alkaline chlorine one bath boiled and bleached 2.4.1 Process Mercerized Yarn → Add alkali to Neutral → Hot water (5 min) → Add Boiling Auxiliaries → Raise to 5O°C Add H2O2 → Rise to 98°C constant temperature brewing and bleaching (6O min) → Wash with hot water at 90°C (5 min) → Add acid to neutralize enzyme wash at 45°C (15 min) → Wash with cold water (5 min).
2.4.2 Process prescription scouring agent Forward LFD 1 g/L; 50% NaOH 1 g/L; Prestogen FD-1 2 ​​g/L; Softener Belsoft 2000 1 g/L; H2O2 (27.5%) 1 g/L; glacial acetic acid 0.7 g/L; Bactost AP 0.3 g/L.
2.4.3 Process requirements The liquid bath ratio is 1:15; the heating rate during cooking and bleaching phase is 2°C/min.
2.5 Staining 2.5.1 Process 3O °C leveler dye 2B → add dye (10 min) → every 5 min according to 1O%, 4O%, 5O% of the ratio of three times to add Yuan Mingfen → Add 1o% soda ash and heat to 8O°C for 5 min. Every 5 min. Add Na2CO3 3 times in a proportion of 1O%, 4O%, 5O% → Hold constant temperature for 40 min → Wash with 80°C hot water (5 min) → Washed at 95°C (20 min) → Washed with hot water at 70°C (5 min) → Washed with cold water (5 min) 2 times → Fixed at 60°C (20 min) → Soft at 45°C (20 min).
2.5.2 Process prescription dye X; Levelling agent 2B 1 g/L; Soap detergent Dekol SNS 1 g/L (2 g/L for dark color)} Fixing agent 401DX 4%; Cationic smoothing agent CA 2 %; silicone softener SNC 1%.
2.5.3 Process requirements Dilute after dyeing with dyestuff in boiling water. The bath ratio is 1:15 and the heating rate is controlled at 1°C/min.
2.6 Dehydration and Drying (1) Before dehydration, check whether the inner wall of the dehydrator is clean and evenly balanced around the yarn discharge.
(2) Check whether the yarn hanger is clean before bundling, and the yarn should be vertical and uniform on the yarn hanger. Dry at a speed of 400 r/min at a temperature of 80°C.
2.7 Briefing and Boxing (1) Check various indicators (including color fastness, color difference, etc.) of the dyed yarn before winding.
(2) Check the forming of the bobbin before packing and strictly confirm the color of the yarn, and store the certificate, verification and verification in the designated container.
3 Conclusions (1) Mercerized cotton is a high-end product. The requirements for cotton yarns are higher, and cotton yarns should be made from Egyptian long-staple cotton with a content of more than 50%.
(2) The mercerized mercerizing of the wet yarn is easy to form such phenomena as unevenness of the mercerized silk, uneven dyeing, etc., and it is easy to disturb the yarn during the drying process and the yarn feels stiff. The use of the first mercerized scouring process solves the above problems.
(3) In the process of processing, the application of auxiliaries will directly affect the feel of the knitted fabric and provide protection for the finishing of the knitted fabric, such as the softener in the pretreatment bath, the fixing agent after dyeing, and the preparation for weaving. Softeners, smoothing agents, etc.
(4) Each process parameter must be strictly controlled during processing. Due to the drop of yarn strength after stripping, affecting the intrinsic quality of the yarn, avoid peeling during the processing.
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